阪神・淡路大震災の日　防災とボランティアの日

(1月17日)
Hanshin-Awaji-Daishinsai-no-Hi;
The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Day

Bosai-to-Borantia-no-Hi;
Disaster Prevention and Volunteer Day
(January 17th)

●阪神大震災 the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake
●関東大震災 the Great Kanto Earthquake
●地震 earthquake; quake
●地震の seismic
●大地震 big earthquake; great earthquake; severe earthquake; destructive earthquake
●海底地震 submarine earthquake
●火山地震 volcanic earthquake
●地震計 seismograph; seismometer
●地震学 seismology
●地震学者 seismologist
●震災 earthquake disaster
●震源地 seismic center;　epicenter; center of an earthquake;　center of a disturbance
●震度 seismic intensity
●マグニチュード magnitude
●余震 aftershock; secondary shock
●（家屋･高速道路など）崩壊する (to) collapse; (to) fall down; (to) crumble (to the ground)
●全壊する (to) be completely destroyed
●亀裂ができる (to) crack; (to) be cracked
●圧死する (to) be crushed to death
●火事 fire
●大火 major fire
●津波 tsunami; tidal wave
●ボランティア volunteer
●避難命令 evacuation order
●避難場所；避難所 disaster shelter
●避難する (to) take refuge; (to) evacuate
●避難訓練 evacuation drill; fire drill
●避難梯子 fire escape
●防災対策 disaster prevention measures
●防災計画 disaster prevention plan;　（万一の場合）代替［防災］計画 contingency plan
●防災用品 emergency supplies
●非常持ち出し品 emergency kit
●応急手当薬；救急箱 first aid kit
●身の回り品 personal effects
●懐中電灯 flashlight
●ラジオ radio
●飲料水 drinking water
●缶詰 canned food

◆毎年、阪神淡路大震災記の日には地震が起こった時刻に多くの人が黙祷を捧げます。
On the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Day, every year, many people offer a silent prayer at the exact time when the quake occurred.

◆震災の追悼式典も各被災地で開かれます。
A quake memorial ceremony is also held in each of the areas that were devastated during the quake.

◆阪神淡路大震災は1995年（平成7年）1月17日午前5時46分に起こりました。
The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake happened at 5:46 am, January 17th, 1995 (Heisei 7th yr).

◆マグニチュード7.3の地震は兵庫県南部と近隣の地域に大きな被害をもたしました。
The 7.3 magnitude quake caused tremendous damage in the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture and neighboring areas.

◆地震の震源は淡路島北部で、深さ約14キロでした。
The epicenter was in the northern part of Awaji Island, and the depth was about 14km below the earth’s surface.

◆野島活断層は約1mから2mずれて地割れとなって現れ、今でもそれは北淡震災記念公園内の野島断層保存館で見ることができます。
The gap of Nojima Active Fault, which moved both vertically and horizontally by about 1m to 2m, is still preserved and displayed as it is at the Nojima Fault Preservation Museum in the Hokudan Earthquake Memorial Park.

◆激しい縦揺れと横揺れが同時に起き、様々な大きさの余震が数ヶ月続きました。
Devastating vertical and horizontal shaking occurred simultaneously, and many aftershocks of various levels followed for several months.

◆死者約6,400人、負傷者約40,000人でした。
The death toll was about 6,400 and the injured numbered around 44,000.

◆多くの家屋、ビル、高速道路、線路、港が破壊されました。
A great number of houses, buildings, highways, railroads, and harbors were destroyed.

◆倒壊世帯約44万軒、焼失家屋約7,500軒でした。
Collapsed houses totaled about 440,000, and about 7,500 houses were burnt to the ground.

◆水道、ガス、電気などのライフラインが断たれ、電話も不通になりました。
Services such as water supply, gas, and electricity were cut, as well as telephone lines.

◆復興には長い年月にわたる莫大な労力と、多額のお金がかかりました。
The reconstruction took many years of tremendous effort, and a huge amount of money.

◆ボランティアの人々も被災者の救援や都市の復興に大きな役割を果たしました。
Volunteers played an important role in the support for the victims and reconstruction of the city.

◆地震直後から、のべ約140万人のボランティアが日本全国だけでなく各国から救援に駆けつけました。
Immediately after the Earthquake, a total of 1,400,000 volunteers rushed to help, not only from the whole country but also from many foreign countries.

◆企業、大学、宗教関係、医療関係、建築関係の団体や、多くの個人も自発的に集まり、困っている人達を助けるためにボランティア活動をしました。
Companies, universities, as well as religious, medical, and architectural organizations volunteered to help the needy, and a great many individuals also gathered on their own initiative.

◆ほとんどの人にとって初めてのボランティアの経験でしたので、1995年（平成7年）はボランティア元年と呼ばれます。
It was the first volunteer experience for most people, therefore, 1995 (Heisei 7th yr) is called the First Volunteer Year.

◆これをきっかけに防災とボランティアの重要性や必要性が注目されるようになりました。
This case made people take notice of the importance and the necessities of disaster prevention and volunteering.

◆1996年（平成8年）より1月17日は防災とボランティアの日になりました。
January 17th was declared Disaster Prevention and Volunteer Day in 1996 (Heisei 8th yr).

◆また毎年1月15日から21日までが防災とボランティア週間となっています。
Every year, from January 15th to 21st, Disaster Prevention and Volunteer Week is held.

◆この間、避難訓練、人命救助訓練、会議、討論会、献血など多くの行事が行われます。
Many events such as evacuation drills, lifesaving drills, meetings, discussions, and blood donations are held during this week.

◆現在では多くの企業や地方自治体では、ボランティア活動のために休暇を取ることができるボランティア休暇制度を導入していますが、実際に休暇を取る人はまだ余り多くありません。
Nowadays, many of companies and local governments introduce the system of a volunteer holiday: employees or workers can take a holiday for a volunteer activity, however, not so many people use this system yet.

◆一部のボランティア活動家や団体を除き、日本人のボランティア活動に関する関心は欧米諸国に比べて低く、その人材や資金もかなり不足しているのが実態です。
Japanese are not so interested in volunteer activities as people in the Western countries, except for some volunteer workers and organizations, and there are big problems of labor and fund shortage for volunteer activities.

◆地震学者は近い将来、東海地震、東南海地震、南海地震の3つの大地震が起こると予知しています。
Seismologists have forecast that in the near future, three severe earthquakes will occur; the Tokai Earthquake, the Tonankai Earthquake, and the Nankai Earthquake.

◆地震だけでなく、巨大な津波により多くの被害が出るでしょう。
Huge tsunamis as well as earthquakes are expected to cause extensive damage.

◆地震に備えて、行政機関、民間企業、住民が一丸となって地震・津波対策をしていくことが不可欠です。
The administrative agencies, private enterprises, and citizens must work together for earthquake and tsunami prevention measures.

◆個人も自分の身は自分で守る心構えで、避難経路と場所の確認、非常持ち出し袋の用意、複数の通信手段の用意、など最大限の安全対策が必要です。
Individuals also need to prepare to save themselves and take as many safety measures as possible: confirmation of evacuation routes and places, preparation of emergency take-out bags and several means of communication and more.

◆家庭内では耐震工事、家具の転倒防止策、強化ガラスやガラス飛散防止シートの使用などにより減災することができます。
Inside houses, damage can be reduced by using safety devices against overturning of furniture, hardened glass or glass shattering preventive sheets.

(より詳しい情報は「我が家の阪神･淡路大震災の経験」をご覧下さい。)
(Please see “Our Experience of the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake” for further information.)