{"id":4033,"date":"2019-10-22T18:39:48","date_gmt":"2019-10-22T09:39:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/?page_id=4033"},"modified":"2020-05-21T02:57:11","modified_gmt":"2020-05-20T17:57:11","slug":"%e8%8f%8a%e8%8a%b1%e5%b1%95%e3%81%a8%e8%8f%8a%e4%ba%ba%e5%bd%a2%e5%b1%95","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/?page_id=4033","title":{"rendered":"\u83ca\u82b1\u5c55\u3068\u83ca\u4eba\u5f62\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kikka-ten and Kiku-ningyo-ten;<\/span>
\n(The Chrysanthemum Exhibitions and the Chrysanthemum Figure Exhibitions)<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u5175\u5eab\u770c\u795e\u6238\u5e02\u306e\u5b9f\u5bb6\u3088\u308a\u6b69\u3044\u306610\u5206\u307b\u3069\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u76f8\u697d\u5712\u306f\u3001\u5b50\u4f9b\u306e\u9803\u304b\u3089\u306e\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u306e\u601d\u3044\u51fa\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u76f8\u697d\u5712\u306f\u660e\u6cbb\u7dad\u65b0\u5f8c\u3001\u4e8b\u696d\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3057\u305f\u4e09\u7530\u85e9\u58eb\u306e\u79c1\u90b8\u3068\u3057\u30661911\u5e74\uff08\u660e\u6cbb44\u5e74\uff09\u306b\u5b8c\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5e83\u5927\u306a\u571f\u5730\u306b\u897f\u6d0b\u5f0f\u306e\u8c6a\u83ef\u306a\u5927\u90b8\u5b85\u304c\u5efa\u3066\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u795e\u6238\u5927\u7a7a\u8972\u3067\u713c\u5931\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306f\u56de\u904a\u5f0f\u65e5\u672c\u5ead\u5712\u3001\u8336\u5ba4\u3001\u5317\u91ce\u753a\u304b\u3089\u79fb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65e7\u30cf\u30c3\u30b5\u30e0\u90b8\u306a\u3069\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79cb\u306b\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3067\u300170\u5e74\u8fd1\u304f\u6b74\u53f2\u306e\u3042\u308b\u795e\u6238\u5e02\u6709\u6570\u306e\u83ca\u82b1\u5c55\u304c\u958b\u50ac\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6625\u306e\u30c4\u30c4\u30b8\u306e\u6642\u671f\u540c\u69d8\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6642\u671f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u3067\u8cd1\u308f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e39\u7cbe\u8fbc\u3081\u3066\u54b2\u304b\u305b\u305f\u7d042500\u9262\u306e\u898b\u4e8b\u306a\u83ca\u304c\u4e26\u3073\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

I have many good memories from my childhood of Soraku-en Garden, which is approximately a 10-minute walk from my parents\u2019 house in Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture. Sorakuen Garden was built by a feudal retainer of the Sanda Domain who succeeded in business after the Meiji Restoration, as his private residence in 1911 (Meiji 44th yr).\u3000There was a luxurious western style residence on a huge site, but it was burned down during the Kobe Air Raids.\u3000At present, there are a Japanese garden in a circular style, a tea house and the former Hassam House relocated from Kitano Town. A chrysanthemum exhibition with a nearly 70-year history is annually held there in autumn and it is one of the best in Kobe City. The garden is crowded with many visitors during the period of the exhibition as well as the azalea season. They enjoy about 2500 pots of beautiful chrysanthemums grown with great care by masters.<\/p>\n

\u83ca\u4eba\u5f62\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u3001\u5b50\u4f9b\u306e\u9803\u306f\u5927\u962a\u5e9c\u679a\u65b9\u5e02\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3072\u3089\u304b\u305f\u30d1\u30fc\u30af\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5bb6\u65cf\u3067\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u8a2a\u308c\u305f\u61d0\u304b\u3057\u3044\u601d\u3044\u51fa\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9803\u306e\u79c1\u306f\u83ca\u3088\u308a\u3082\u540c\u3058\u6577\u5730\u5185\u306b\u3042\u308b\u904a\u5712\u5730\u306b\u8208\u5473\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3072\u3089\u304b\u305f\u30d1\u30fc\u30af\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u7d4c\u55b6\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e2d\u3067\u6700\u3082\u53e4\u3044\u904a\u5712\u5730\u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002\u9577\u671f\u9593\u7d4c\u55b6\u4e0d\u632f\u306e\u6642\u671f\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u52aa\u529b\u3084\u4eba\u6c17\u4ff3\u512a\u3084\u304a\u7b11\u3044\u82b8\u4eba\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u306e\u304a\u304b\u3052\u3067\u3001\u7d4c\u55b6\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u5c11\u3057\u305a\u3064\u4e0a\u5411\u304d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u30021912\u5e74\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u5143\u5e74\uff09\u306b\u3001\u3072\u3089\u304b\u305f\u30d1\u30fc\u30af\u3067\u521d\u3081\u3066\u83ca\u4eba\u5f62\u5c55\u304c\u958b\u50ac\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6226\u4e89\u3084\u4e0d\u666f\u6c17\u3067\u4e00\u6642\u4e2d\u65ad\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u898f\u6a21\u3092\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3057\u3066\u958b\u50ac\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Speaking of Kiku-ningyo figures, I remembered only Hirakata Park in Hirakata City, Osaka Prefecture when I was a child. I have happy memories from when I visited it many times with my family. However, I naturally preferred amusement rides to chrysanthemums in those days. Hirakata Park is one of the oldest amusement parks which are still open in Japan. This park fell into financial difficulties for a long time, but nowadays its sales show signs of recovery for the fruits of efforts and advertisements by popular actors and comedians. It was in 1912 (Taisho 1st yr) that the chrysanthemum figure exhibition was held for the first time. Except for several interruptions because of wars or recession, it has been held since then, though its scale is much smaller now.<\/p>\n

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2008\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u621020\u5e74\uff0911\u6708\u306b\u98db\u9a28\u9ad8\u5c71\u3078\u8eca\u3067\u51fa\u5f35\u306b\u884c\u304d\u3001\u4ed5\u4e8b\u306e\u5408\u9593\u306b\u3042\u3061\u3089\u3053\u3061\u3067\u89b3\u5149\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u9ad8\u5c71\u796d\u3067\u6709\u540d\u306a\u685c\u5c71\u516b\u5e61\u5bae\u3067\u83ca\u82b1\u5c55\u304c\u958b\u50ac\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79cb\u306e\u9759\u304b\u306a\u5883\u5185\u306b\u306f\u83ca\u306e\u82b1\u304c\u3088\u304f\u4f3c\u5408\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3061\u3087\u3046\u3069\u4e03\u4e94\u4e09\u306e\u6642\u671f\u3067\u6674\u7740\u3092\u7740\u305f\u53ef\u611b\u3044\u304a\u5b50\u3055\u3093\u9054\u3092\u898b\u304b\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u5c71\u796d\u5c4b\u53f0\u4f1a\u9928\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6280\u8853\u306e\u7c8b\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u305f\u7d62\u721b\u8c6a\u83ef\u3067\u5de8\u5927\u306a\u796d\u5c4b\u53f0\u3092\u898b\u3066\u5727\u5012\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

I took a business trip to Hida-Takayama by car in November 2008 (Heisei 20th yr) and did some sightseeing during my spare time at work. A chrysanthemum exhibition was held at Sakurayama Hachiman-gu Shrine which is popularly known for Takayama Matsuri (Festival). Chrysanthemums matched its quiet precinct.\u3000It was a Shichi-go-san festival season so that I saw some cute children dressed in their best clothes. After leaving the shrine, I went to Takayama Matsuri Yatai Kaikan (the Takayama Festival Float Exhibition Hall) next to the shrine. I was overcome by the huge gorgeous festival floats made by skillful and sophisticated artists.<\/p>\n

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\u7fcc\u65e5\u3001\u4e09\u91cd\u5854\u3068\u5927\u9280\u674f\u3067\u6709\u540d\u306a\u98db\u9a28\u56fd\u5206\u5bfa\u3078\u304a\u53c2\u308a\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u9ad8\u91ce\u5c71\u771f\u8a00\u5b97\u306e\u5bfa\u3067\u3001757\u5e74\uff08\u5929\u5e73\u52dd\u5b9d9\u5e74\uff09\u9803\u3001\u884c\u57fa\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5efa\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u4f55\u5ea6\u304b\u713c\u5931\u3084\u66b4\u98a8\u96e8\u3067\u5012\u58ca\u5f8c\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u6b8b\u308b\u4e09\u91cd\u306e\u5854\u306f1820\u5e74\uff08\u6587\u653f3\u5e74\uff09\u306b\u518d\u5efa\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3082\u83ca\u82b1\u5c55\u304c\u958b\u50ac\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u83ca\u306e\u826f\u3044\u9999\u308a\u304c\u5883\u5185\u306b\u6f02\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6a39\u9f621250\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3068\u3044\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5927\u9280\u674f\u306f\u3001\u307e\u3060\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u8272\u4ed8\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3053\u306e\u9280\u674f\u306f2018\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u621030\u5e74\uff09\u306e\u53f0\u98a821\u53f7\u3067\u751a\u5927\u306a\u88ab\u5bb3\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

The next day, I visited and prayed at Hida Kokubun-ji Temple which is famous for a three-story pagoda and a giant ginkgo tree. It is a Shingon-sect Buddhist temple founded in 757 (Tempyo-shoho 9th yr) by Gyoki (a Japanese Buddhist priest of high virtue). The temple was burned down and destroyed by storms several times. The present three-story pagoda was rebuilt in (Bunsei 3rd yr). The chrysanthemum exhibition was also held at this temple. The scent of chrysanthemums was drifting around the precinct. The leaves of a ginkgo tree older than 1250 years had hardly turned yellow yet. It was a pity that this tree was terribly damaged by the 21st Typhoon in 2018 (Heisei 30th yr).<\/p>\n

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One of my hobbies is visiting castles and I especially like to visit the 100 Fine Castles of Japan. When I travelled the Tohoku District, I visited one of them, Nihonmatsu Castle, in Nihonmatsu City, Fukushima Prefecture. It happened that the Nihonmatsu Chrysanthemum Figure Exhibition which had a longer than 60-year history was being held with the theme of \u201cTenchijin\u201d, an NHK Taiga Drama for that year. A Taiga Drama is an annual, year-long serial TV drama of Japanese historical fiction broadcast by NHK, Japan\u2019s public broadcaster. The reproduced characters of the drama were more realistic than I had expected. This Chrysanthemum Figure Exhibition in this castle is one of the biggest in Japan.<\/p>\n

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Yushima Temman-gu Shrine (Yushima Tenjin Shrine) is a representative of the Temmangu Shrine in Tokyo. It has a more than a 1500-year history. I have visited this shrine several times a year since I moved to Tokyo. This shrine is dedicated to Sugawara no Michizane, the god of learning and entrance examinations, so the shrine is very crowded with students especially during the entrance examination season. The plum festival is held every early spring, and the chrysanthemum festival every autumn. Kiku-ningyo figures of an NHK Taiga Drama characters and about 2000 colorful chrysanthemums are displayed though its scale is small.<\/p>\n

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Senso-ji Temple is the oldest temple in Tokyo. It was established in 628 (Empress Suiko 36th yr) of Asuka Period (529-710). Kiku-kuyoe (the Buddhist memorial service with chrysanthemums) is performed every October, and people offer chrysanthemums and are given chrysanthemum charms. The chrysanthemum exhibition is also held from the middle of October to the middle of November every year. I visited it in 2009, and there were the chrysanthemums from Nihonmatsu. The precincts were crowded with people who enjoyed not only the exhibition but also some stalls as usual in Asakusa.<\/p>\n

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After I visited Kairakuen Park, one of the Three Great Gardens of Japan, in Mito City, Ibaraki Prefecture in November 2009 (Heisei 21st yr), I dropped in and prayed at nearby Gokoku Shrine. I happened to see the chrysanthemum exhibition there as was often the case with autumn trips. No other person was seen except for me because I visited the shrine in the evening; therefore, I had the beautiful flowers all to myself. Splendid \u201cKengai-zukuri\u201d, cascades of little chrysanthemums, showed me how much time, effort and love were devoted to them.<\/p>\n

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In October 2010 (Heisei 22nd yr), I visited Komoro Castle, one of the 100 Fine Castles of Japan, in Komoro City, Nagano Prefecture. Komoro Castle was built by Takeda Shingen in 1554 (Temmon 23rd yr). There are now some museums in the castle park, and it is also famous as a cherry blossom viewing spot in the spring. When I visited the castle, the chrysanthemum exhibition happened to be held. At the same time, beautiful chrysanthemums competed in the competition. I enjoyed seeing a rare Kiku-ningyo figure of a sumo wrestler (traditional national wrestling) which was awarded the longevity prize and big-bloomed chrysanthemums which were awarded the ministers\u2019 prizes.<\/p>\n

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I went and prayed in Hotaka Shrine in Azumino City, Nagano Prefecture in October 2011 (Heisei 23rd yr). Hotaka Shrine was established to enshrine the patriarchal deity of the Azumi Family from one of the marine clans, who came to this area in ancient times. The name of the Azumi Family is said to be the origin of the Azumino area. When I visited it, I saw chrysanthemums and Kiku-ningyo figures of red-crowned cranes.<\/p>\n

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The chrysanthemum exhibition at Hibiya Park in Chiyoda, Tokyo has been annually held since 1915 (Taisho 4th yr). Many prize-winning works of chrysanthemums are displayed: the ministers\u2019 prize including the Prime Minister and the Tokyo Governor\u2019s prize. Chrysanthemum bonsai (potted miniature trees) carefully styled with the great skill of artisans are seen there. An introductory lecture of chrysanthemum growing, and a market of young trees are also open. I feel rather sorry that the number of chrysanthemum pots and visitors have lately decreased in comparison with the golden age.<\/p>\n

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The chrysanthemum festival in Sugamo, Toshima, Tokyo has been crowded with many people since the Edo period, and it was a popular theme of Ukiyoe (traditional wood printing arts) and Kawaraban (wood printing handbills like a newspaper issued around the 17th and 18th centuries). The origin of Kiku-ningyo figures is said to be in Sugamo where a number of gardeners used to live though there are various theories. To inherit this origin, \u2018Sugamo Nakasendo Chrysanthemum Festival\u201d started in 1993 (Heisei 5th yr). The five-story and three-story pagodas decorated with chrysanthemums were created in Koganji Temple known as Togenuki-jizo. Various events also entertain visitors: exhibitions of flower arrangements, Tanka and Haiku, open-air tea ceremonies and refreshment stands of udon (thick white noodles made with wheat flour in broth seasoned with soy sauce, sweet sake and salt), oden (various ingredients simmered for a long time in ample broth seasoned with soy sauce and sweet sake), oshiruko (thick sweet soup made from adzuki beans, sugar and a little salt and topped with baked mochi, rice cake) and more.<\/p>\n

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At the same time as Kogan-ji Temple, Shinsho-ji Temple at the entrance of the Sugamo Jizo-dori shopping street also held a chrysanthemum exhibition. The fourth jizo (one of the Japanese divinities) statue of Edo Six Jizos is laid in this temple and the eighth Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshimune often visited this temple. Every year Kiku-gata-zukuri (chrysanthemum figures) were made in the motif of Japanese fairy tales, and lovely Ashigarayama-no-Kintaro (a very healthy boy with superhuman powers in Mt. Ashigara, who was promoted when growing up) was made that year. Chrysanthemum figures at Kogan-ji Temple were for adults, while those in Shinsho-ji Temple were for children.<\/p>\n

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I stopped by Hanyu Parking Area on the inbound lane of the highway for a rest on my way home from a business trip to Ashikaga City by car in November 2013 (Heisei 25th yr). I found a flag and gorgeous chrysanthemums to advertise \u201cKasama Chrysanthemum Festival\u201d which I had long wanted to see. I changed my plan and decided to go and see it though it was nearly 100 km away, more than an hour by car from the parking area to the venue.<\/p>\n

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The Kasama Chrysanthemum Festival was held in the Kasama Inari Shrine which is regarded as one of the three major Inari shrines in Japan along with the Fushimi Inari Shrine and the Toyokawa Inari Shrine (another theory exists). The Guji (chief priest) before the last started this chrysanthemum festival in 1908 (Meiji 41st yr) to make people, who had become depressed and unsettled, feel at ease after the Russo-Japanese War. About 10,000 pots of beautiful chrysanthemums add vivid colors to the precinct as well as the whole city. I also enjoyed Kiku-ningyo figures with the motif of \u201cYae no Sakura\u201d, the NHK Taiga Drama for that year.<\/p>\n

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Among autumn flowers in Japan, what could be more gorgeous than chrysanthemums? \u201cNishinomiya Chrysanthemum Exhibition\u201d adorns the autumn of the precinct of Nishinomiya Shrine every year. There are Chrysanthemums which members of the Nishinomiya Chrysanthemum Association raise with special care for 1 year. Nishinomiya Shrine, which has been widely adored as the god of business prosperity, is the headquarters of the Ebisu sect including 3500 shrines. This shrine is famous for an annual festival, \u201cToka Ebisu\u201d held in January. We were very fortunate that we were asked to make its English brochure.<\/p>\n

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(Back to \u201cThe Chrysanthemum Festival<\/a>\u201d.)<\/p>\n

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Copyright (C) Azure Global Network Services. All Rights Reserved.<\/p>\n

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Kikka-ten and Kiku-ningyo-ten; (The Chrysanthemum Exhibitions and the Chrysanthemum Figure Exhibitions) \u5175\u5eab\u770c\u795e\u6238\u5e02 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":4005,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4033","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4033","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4033"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4033\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4449,"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4033\/revisions\/4449"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azuregns.com\/year\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4033"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}